NONE 20260714093759596 wseas/wseas content-registration-form@crossref.org content-registration-form International Journal of Applied Sciences & Development 2945-0454 Author: Roozbeh Ebrahimi Golshanabadi Doctoral School of Transport National University of Science and Technology “Politehnica” Bucharest Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest ROMANIA Urban metro systems are increasingly exposed to operational failures, demand shocks, and climate-related disruptions. Despite rapid growth in resilience research, conceptual ambiguity and methodological fragmentation persist. Robustness, reliability, and resilience are frequently conflated, recovery dynamics are inconsistently modeled, and passenger-centered performance metrics remain underdeveloped. This compliant systematic scoping review synthesizes 194 studies (2005–2025), of which 72 met strict inclusion criteria requiring explicit public transport focus and quantifiable resilience or robustness indicators. Studies were classified by disruption type, methodological paradigm (optimization/control, simulation, network science, data-driven models), recovery strategy (bus bridging, short-turning, passenger flow control), and data source (AFC, AVL, APC, GTFS). Results reveal six dominant research clusters, with strong growth after 2019. However, most contributions operationalize resilience through static connectivity or efficiency loss metrics, while comparatively few model recovery trajectories, passenger delay distributions, accessibility degradation, or multimodal capacity interactions under uncertainty. Optimization-based disruption management and uncertainty-aware substitute bus models demonstrate the highest operational relevance, yet empirical validation and equity-sensitive indicators remain limited. We propose a unified three-layer resilience architecture linking topology, operations, and passenger behavioral response under stochastic recovery. 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