<doi_batch xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="4.4.0"><head><doi_batch_id>e1c69afa-54ad-42d1-91ba-497d81754feb</doi_batch_id><timestamp>20251125101821567</timestamp><depositor><depositor_name>wseas:wseas</depositor_name><email_address>mdt@crossref.org</email_address></depositor><registrant>MDT Deposit</registrant></head><body><journal><journal_metadata language="en"><full_title>WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS</full_title><issn media_type="electronic">2224-266X</issn><issn media_type="print">1109-2734</issn><archive_locations><archive name="Portico"/></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/23201</doi><resource>http://wseas.org/wseas/cms.action?id=2861</resource></doi_data></journal_metadata><journal_issue><publication_date media_type="online"><month>2</month><day>14</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>2</month><day>14</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><journal_volume><volume>24</volume><doi_data><doi>10.37394/23201.2025.24</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/cas/2025.php</resource></doi_data></journal_volume></journal_issue><journal_article language="en"><titles><title>A Root-Music-Based Algorithm for Estimating the Axis Positions of Electromagnetic Transmitters</title></titles><contributors><person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Mujahid</given_name><surname>Al-Azzo</surname><affiliation>Electronics Engineering Department, Ninevah University, Nineveh, Mosul, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Muhammad</given_name><surname>Salem</surname><affiliation>Electronics Engineering Department, Ninevah University, Nineveh, Mosul, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name></contributors><jats:abstract xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1"><jats:p>The problem of determining the position of a wave radiation transmitter is important in the fields of communications and digital signal processing, where the transmitter’s spatial position is specified with respect to a reference point. Spectral estimation methods differ in their characteristics, with the ability to distinguish between closely spaced transmitters being one of the most notable. This study focused on two methods: the Fourier Transform (FT) as a classical method and Root-MUSIC as a modern method. The positions of one and two transmitters were estimated under noisy and noise-free conditions, with the percentage error (Epb) in the position of each transmitter is calculated. The minimum separation (dpt), which represents the smallest distance at which two transmitters can be distinguished, was also calculated. Simulation results showed that Root-MUSIC outperforms the fast Fourier transform (FFT) in terms of accuracy in positioning and resolving the minimum distance between the transmitters.</jats:p></jats:abstract><publication_date media_type="online"><month>11</month><day>25</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>11</month><day>25</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><pages><first_page>184</first_page><last_page>194</last_page></pages><publisher_item><item_number item_number_type="article_number">21</item_number></publisher_item><ai:program xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" name="AccessIndicators"><ai:free_to_read start_date="2025-11-25"/><ai:license_ref applies_to="am" start_date="2025-11-25">https://wseas.com/journals/cas/2025/a425101-017(2025).pdf</ai:license_ref></ai:program><archive_locations><archive name="Portico"/></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/23201.2025.24.21</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/cas/2025/a425101-017(2025).pdf</resource></doi_data><citation_list><citation key="ref0"><unstructured_citation>I. 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