NONE 20260220124528858 wseas/wseas content-registration-form+ja@crossref.org content-registration-form WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 1109-2750 2224-2872 Yusuf Talha Yilmaz Department of Software Engineering Istanbul Beykent University Ayazağa, Hadım Koruyolu St. No:19, 34398 Sarıyer/Istanbul TÜRKİYE Kerem Saltik Department of Software Engineering Istanbul Beykent University Ayazağa, Hadım Koruyolu St. No:19, 34398 Sarıyer/Istanbul TÜRKİYE Yusuf Çon Department of Software Engineering Istanbul Beykent University Ayazağa, Hadım Koruyolu St. No:19, 34398 Sarıyer/Istanbul TÜRKİYE Kemal Gökhan Nalbant Department of Software Engineering Istanbul Beykent University Ayazağa, Hadım Koruyolu St. No:19, 34398 Sarıyer/Istanbul TÜRKİYE This research investigates the potential of integrating odor-based stimuli with augmented reality (AR) technology for treating psychological disorders such as PTSD and anxiety. The sense of smell strongly affects the limbic system, which is closely associated with emotional regulation and memory, highlighting its relevance for therapeutic applications. The study reviews the relationship between odor, memory, and emotion from a neuroscientific perspective and evaluates the technical capabilities of existing digital olfactory technologies. Subsequently, an AR-supported olfactory therapy model is designed, and its theoretical framework and process flow are established. The findings indicate that this approach supports neuropsychological mechanisms and may contribute to the development of next-generation therapeutic tools in practical settings. By examining multisensory therapeutic experiences, the research provides an interdisciplinary perspective on olfactory and AR integration and proposes a promising and innovative approach for personalized digital therapies. 12 31 2025 12 31 2025 225 24 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US 10.37394/23205.2025.24.24 https://wseas.com/journals/computers/2025/a485105-023(2025).pdf F. Arena, M. Collotta, G. Pau, and F. Termine, An overview of augmented reality, Computers, Vol.11, No.2, 2022, pp. 28, doi:10.3390/computers11020028, https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11020028. P. Parekh, S. Patel, N. Patel, and M. Shah, Systematic review and meta-analysis of augmented reality in medicine, retail, and games, Visual computing for industry, biomedicine, and art, Vol.3, 2020, pp. 1-20, doi:0.1186/s42492-020-00057-7, https://doi.org/10.1186/s42492-020-00057-7. A. Oun, N. Hagerdorn, C. Scheideger, and X. Cheng, Mobile devices or head-mounted displays: a comparative review and analysis of augmented reality in healthcare, IEEE Access, Vol.12, 2024, pp. 21825- 21839, doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3361833, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3361833. R. S. Herz, The Role of Odor-Evoked Memory in Psychological and Physiological Health, Brain Sciences, Vol.6, No.3, 2016, doi:10.3390/brainsci6030022 ,https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci6030022. S. Freud, Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Basic Books (translated edition), 1905, ISBN:9781784783587. V. Parma, K. Ohla, M.G. Veldhuizen, M.Y. Niv, C.E. Kelly, A.J. Bakke, K.W. Cooper, C. Bouysset, N. Pirastu, M. Dibattista, R. Kaur, M.T. Liuzza, M.Y. Pepino, V. Schöpf, V. Pereda-Loth, S.B. Olsson, R.C. Gerkin, P.R. Domínguez, J. Albayay, M.C. Farruggia, S. Bhutani, A.W. Fjaeldstad, R. Kumar, A. Menini, M. Bensafi, M. Sandell, I. Konstantinidis, A. Di Pizio, F. Genovese, L. Öztürk, T. Thomas-Danguin, J. Frasnelli, S. Boesveldt, Ö. Saatci, L.R. Saraiva, C. Lin, J. Golebiowski, L.-D. Hwang, M.H. Ozdener, M.D. Guàrdia, C. Laudamiel, M. Ritchie, J. Havlícek, D. Pierron, E. Roura, M. Navarro, A.A. Nolden, J. Lim, K.L. Whitcroft, L.R. Colquitt, C. Ferdenzi, E.V. Brindha, A. Altundag, A. Macchi, A. Nunez-Parra, Z.M. Patel, S. Fiorucci, C.M. Philpott, B.C. Smith, J.N. Lundström, C. Mucignat, J.K. Parker, M. van den Brink, M. Schmuker, F.P.S. Fischmeister, T. Heinbockel, V.D.C. Shields, F. Faraji, E. Santamaría, W.E.A. Fredborg, G. Morini, J.K. Olofsson, M. Jalessi, N. Karni, A. D’Errico, R. Alizadeh, R. Pellegrino, P. Meyer, C. Huart, B. Chen, G.M. Soler, M.K. Alwashahi, A. WelgeLüssen, J. Freiherr, J.H.B. de Groot, H. Klein, M. Okamoto, P.B. Singh, J.W. Hsieh, GCCR Group Author, D.R. Reed, T. Hummel, S.D. Munger, J.E. Hayes, More than smell—COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis, Chemical Senses, Vol.45, No.7, 2020, pp. 609-622, doi:10.1093/chemse/bjaa041, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041. Osmo.ai, Giving computers a sense of smell, https://www.osmo.ai/, 2024, (Accessed: 25- Apr-2025). N. Ranasinghe, K. Karunanayaka, A. D. Cheok, O. Fernando, H. Nii, P. Gopalakrishnakone, Digital taste and smell communication, BodyNets, 2011, pp. 78-84, doi:10.4108/icst.bodynets.2011.247067, https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.bodynets.2011.247067. S. E. Lakhan, H. Sheafer, and D. Tepper, The effectiveness of aromatherapy in reducing pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Pain research and treatment, Vol.2016, No.1, 2016, pp. 8158693, doi:10.1155/2016/8158693, https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8158693. S. BN, A. M. Sherrill, R. I. Arriaga, C. W. Wiese, and S. Abdullah, Thousand voices of trauma: A large-scale synthetic dataset for modeling prolonged exposure therapy conversations, 2025, arXiv:2504.13955, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.13955. Ç. N. Bakır, S. O. Abbas, E. Sever, A. O. Morey, H. A. Genc, T. Mutler, Use of augmented reality in mental health-related conditions: A systematic review, DIGITAL HEALTH, Vol.9, 2023, pp. 20552076231203649, doi:10.1177/20552076231203649, https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231203649. M. P. Aiken and M. J. Berry, Posttraumatic stress disorder: possibilities for olfaction and virtual reality exposure therapy, Virtual Reality, Vol.19, 2015, pp. 95-109, doi:10.1007/s10055-015-0260-x, https://doi. org/10.1007/s10055-015-0260-x. R. S. Herz, Olfactory virtual reality: A new frontier in the treatment and prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder, Brain Sciences, Vol.11, No.8, 2021, doi:10.3390/brainsci11081070, https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081070. C. Botella, M. Á. Pérez-Ara, J. Bretón-López, S. Quero, A. G. Palacios, R. M. Banos, In vivo versus augmented reality exposure in the treatment of small animal phobia: a randomized controlled trial, PloS one, Vol.11, No.2, 2016, pp. e0148237, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148237, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148237. V. Y. Cheng, C. M. Huang, J. Y. Liao, H. P. Hsu, S. W. Wang, S. F Huang, J. L. Guo, Combination of 3-dimensional virtual reality and hands-on aromatherapy in improving institutionalized older adults’ psychological health: Quasiexperimental study, J Med Internet Res, Vol.22, No.7, 2020, pp. e17096, doi:10.2196/17096, https://doi.org/10.2196/17096. A. H. B. Zulkarnain, D. Radványi, D. Szakál, Z. Kókai, and A. Gere, Unveiling aromas: Virtual reality and scent identification for sensory analysis, Current Research in Food Science, Vol.8, 2024, pp. 100698, doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100698, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100698.