<doi_batch xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="4.4.0"><head><doi_batch_id>70aa5bec-66fd-444d-b2de-1fa384c29c78</doi_batch_id><timestamp>20250506092752686</timestamp><depositor><depositor_name>wseas:wseas</depositor_name><email_address>mdt@crossref.org</email_address></depositor><registrant>MDT Deposit</registrant></head><body><journal><journal_metadata language="en"><full_title>EQUATIONS</full_title><issn media_type="electronic">2732-9976</issn><issn media_type="print">2944-9146</issn><archive_locations><archive name="Portico" /></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232021</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/equations/</resource></doi_data></journal_metadata><journal_issue><publication_date media_type="online"><month>5</month><day>6</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>5</month><day>6</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><journal_volume><volume>5</volume><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232021.2025.5</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/equations/2025.php</resource></doi_data></journal_volume></journal_issue><journal_article language="en"><titles><title>A New Numerical Technique for Solving Fractional Integro-Differential Equations in Fuzzy Space</title></titles><contributors><person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Ihab Hadi</given_name><surname>Jumhaa</surname><affiliation>Department of Mathematics "Education College" Al-Mustansiriya University Baghdad, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Hussein Jabbar</given_name><surname>Mohammed</surname><affiliation>Department of Mathematics "Education College" Al-Mustansiriya University Baghdad, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Adil K</given_name><surname>Bagheedh</surname><affiliation>Department of Mathematics "Education College" Al-Mustansiriya University Baghdad, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Uday Jabbar</given_name><surname>Quaez</surname><affiliation>Department of Mathematics "Education College" Al-Mustansiriya University Baghdad, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name></contributors><jats:abstract xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1"><jats:p>In this work, the generalized exponential spline methodt is studied to approximate the solution of fuzzy fractional integro differential equations under Caputo derivative. The existence and uniqueness theorems for these equations by considering the type of differentiability of solution are proved. The results shown that generalized exponential method is more accurate in terms of absolute error. Furthermore, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are demonstrated is a series of numerical experiments.</jats:p></jats:abstract><publication_date media_type="online"><month>5</month><day>6</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>5</month><day>6</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><pages><first_page>1</first_page><last_page>9</last_page></pages><publisher_item><item_number item_number_type="article_number">1</item_number></publisher_item><ai:program xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" name="AccessIndicators"><ai:free_to_read start_date="2025-05-06" /><ai:license_ref applies_to="am" start_date="2025-05-06">https://wseas.com/journals/equations/2025/a025106-2110.pdf</ai:license_ref></ai:program><archive_locations><archive name="Portico" /></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232021.2025.5.1</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/equations/2025/a025106-2110.pdf</resource></doi_data><citation_list><citation key="ref0"><doi>10.1016/0165-0114(87)90030-3</doi><unstructured_citation>Seikkala, S. (1987). On the fuzzy initial value problem. Fuzzy sets and systems, 24(3), 319-330. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref1"><doi>10.1016/0165-0114(82)90025-2</doi><unstructured_citation>Dubois, D., &amp; Prade, H. (1982). Towards fuzzy differential calculus part 1: Integration of fuzzy mappings. Fuzzy sets and Systems, 8(1), 1-17. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref2"><doi>10.1016/0165-0114(90)90010-4</doi><unstructured_citation>Kaleva, O. (1990). The Cauchy problem for fuzzy differential equations. Fuzzy sets and systems, 35(3), 389-396. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref3"><doi>10.1007/978-3-642-14058-7_51</doi><unstructured_citation>Hajighasemi, S., Allahviranloo, T., Khezerloo, M., Khorasany, M., &amp; Salahshour, S. (2010). Existence and uniqueness of solutions of fuzzy Volterra integro-differential equations. In Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems. Applications: 13th International Conference, IPMU 2010, Dortmund, Germany, June 28–July 2, 2010. Proceedings, Part II 13 (pp. 491-500). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref4"><doi>10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp1026-1033</doi><unstructured_citation>Ishak, F., &amp; Chaini, N. (2019). Numerical computation for solving fuzzy differential equations. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 16(2), 1026-1033. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref5"><doi>10.1109/tsmc.1972.5408553</doi><unstructured_citation>Chang, S. S., &amp; Zadeh, L. A. (1972). On fuzzy mapping and control. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, (1), 30-34. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref6"><doi>10.1109/tsmc.1972.5408553</doi><unstructured_citation>Chang, S. S., &amp; Zadeh, L. A. (1972). On fuzzy mapping and control. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, (1), 30-34. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref7"><doi>10.1016/0165-0114(89)90086-9</doi><unstructured_citation>Goetschel Jr, R., &amp; Voxman, W. (1989). Fuzzy circuits. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 32(1), 35-43. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref8"><doi>10.1016/j.chaos.2006.10.043</doi><unstructured_citation>Chalco-Cano, Y., &amp; Roman-Flores, H. (2008). On new solutions of fuzzy differential equations. Chaos, Solitons &amp; Fractals, 38(1), 112-119. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref9"><doi>10.1007/978-3-030-10463-4</doi><unstructured_citation>Bello, R., Falcon, R., &amp; Verdegay, J. L. (Eds.). (2019). Uncertainty management with fuzzy and rough sets: Recent advances and applications. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref10"><unstructured_citation>Dubois, D., &amp; Prade, H. (Eds.). (2012). Fundamentals of fuzzy sets (Vol. 7). Springer Science &amp; Business Media. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref11"><doi>10.1007/s00500-015-1743-0</doi><unstructured_citation>Darabi, P., Moloudzadeh, S., &amp; Khandani, H. (2016). A numerical method for solving first-order fully fuzzy differential equation under strongly generalized H-differentiability. Soft Computing, 20, 4085-4098. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref12"><doi>10.1155/2021/5553732</doi><unstructured_citation>Karpagappriya, S., Alessa, N., Jayaraman, P., &amp; Loganathan, K. (2021). A Novel Approach for Solving Fuzzy Differential Equations Using Cubic Spline Method. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2021, 1-9. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref13"><unstructured_citation>Hasan, N. N., &amp; Hussien, D. A. (2018). Generalized Spline method for integrodifferential equations of fractional order. Iraqi journal of science, 1093-1099. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref14"><doi>10.18576/sjm/040104</doi><unstructured_citation>Zeinali, M. (2017). Approximate solution of fuzzy Hammerstein integral equation by using fuzzy B-spline series. Sohag Journal of Mathematics, 4, 19-25. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref15"><doi>10.30684/etj.28.14.15</doi><unstructured_citation>Fadhel, S., Fadhel ,Suha N.Al-Rawi and Nabaa N. Hassan, 2010. "Generalized Spline Approximation Method for Solving Ordinary and partial Differential Equations", Eng.&amp;Tech .journal. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref16"><doi>10.1007/978-3-319-50249-6_26</doi><unstructured_citation>Bhalekar S., (2017). Dynamics of fractional order complex Ucar system, In Fractional Order Control and Synchronization of Chaotic Systems. Springer, Cham, 747–771. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref17"><unstructured_citation>Podlubny I., (2009). Fractional Differential Equations. Academic Press, New York, 1999. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref18"><doi>10.1016/j.aml.2011.05.035</doi><unstructured_citation>Kexue, L., &amp; Jigen, P. (2011). Laplace transform and fractional differential equations. Applied Mathematics Letters, 24(12), 2019-2023. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref19"><doi>10.3233/jifs-171707</doi><unstructured_citation>Shabestari, M. R. M., Ezzati, R., &amp; Allahviranloo, T. (2018). Numerical solution of fuzzy fractional integrodifferential equation via two-dimensional Legendre wavelet method. Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems, 34(4), 2453- 2465. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref20"><doi>10.1155/2010/916064</doi><unstructured_citation>Caballero, J., Harjani, J., &amp; Sadarangani, K. (2010). Contractive-like mapping principles in ordered metric spaces and application to ordinary differential equations. Fixed Point Theory and Algorithms for Sciences and Engineering. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref21"><doi>10.1155/2011/363716</doi><unstructured_citation>Hu, X. Q. (2011). Common coupled fixed point theorems for contractive mappings in fuzzy metric spaces. Fixed point theory and Applications, 2011, 1-14. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref22"><doi>10.1007/s11083-005-9018-5</doi><unstructured_citation>Nieto, J. J., &amp; Rodríguez-López, R. (2005). Contractive mapping theorems in partially ordered sets and applications to ordinary differential equations. Order, 22(3), 223-239. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref23"><doi>10.23851/mjs.v32i1.929</doi><unstructured_citation>Hasan, N. N. (2021). Analytic Approach for Solving System of Fractional Differential Equations. Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science, 32(1). </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref24"><doi>10.23851/mjs.v30i3.675</doi><unstructured_citation>Hasan, N. N., &amp; Nasif, M. R. (2019). Analytical Approximations for Nonlinear Integral and Integro-Differential Equations. Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science, 30(3). </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref25"><unstructured_citation>Jaafar, Q. K. (2013). Speech Scrambling Employing Lorenz Fractional Order Chaotic System (Doctoral dissertation, M. Sc. Thesis, ALMustansiriya University, Electrical Engineering Department). </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref26"><unstructured_citation>Abid S. H., Quaez U. J.(2019). Capacity of control for stochastic dynamical systems perturbed by mixed fractional brownian motion with delay in control. International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control, 2019, 15(5), pp. 1913–1934</unstructured_citation></citation></citation_list></journal_article></journal></body></doi_batch>