NONE 20260910093927231 wseas/wseas content-registration-form@crossref.org content-registration-form WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 1790-5060 2224-350X 01 20 2025 01 20 2025 20 Mauricio Bladimir Toalombo Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, Latacunga, ECUADOR Josue Steeven Ortiz Malla Instituto Universitario Japón, Quito, ECUADOR Carlos Ivan Quinatoa Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, Latacunga, ECUADOR This paper proposes a methodology for the problem of assignment of generation units in electrical power systems, by means of mixed integer nonlinear programming using GAMS. The problem posed finds the solution through the objective function and its associated restrictions, where the generation will be included and through the optimal switching of the assigned areas that minimises the cost of operation and achieves the optimal configuration of the proposed model in terms of costs and angle stability in a DC office, assuming the voltages with active power flow through the lines. The proposed methodology is carried out over a short 24-hour period, with varying hourly demands. The different generation plants are located to simulate a distributed generation model. Due to the system's complexity, maintaining load flow requires switching between three transmission lines while conserving the assigned load. For its validation, three scenarios were taken into account: isolated systems, interconnected systems, and systems incorporating the optimal switching model, where the objective function is obtained, evidencing the behaviour of the cases, the isolated areas presenting the highest cost, the interconnected model presents the lowest price, and the proposed model with a difference of $1,196 from the lowest cost. 12 09 2025 12 09 2025 394 31 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US 10.37394/232016.2025.20.31 https://wseas.com/journals/ps/2025/a625116-020(2025).pdf T. Lan and G. M. Huang, “Transmission line switching in power system planning with large scale renewable energy,” in 2015 1st Workshop on Smart Grid and Renewable Energy (SGRE), 2015. doi: 10.1109/SGRE.2015.7208740. DOI: 10.1109/SGRE.2015.7208740 K. W. Hedman, R. P. O’Neill, E. B. Fisher, and S. S. Oren, “Optimal Transmission Switching with Contingency Analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1577–1586, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113281. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2009.2020530 M. Lu, H. Nagarajan, E. Yamangil, R. Bent, S. Backhaus, and A. Barnes, “Optimal Transmission Line Switching Under Geomagnetic Disturbances,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 2539–2550, 2018, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1701.01469. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2761178 O. Hoseynpour, B. Mohammadi-Ivatloo, M. Nazari-Heris, and S. Asadi, “Application of Dynamic Non-Linear Programming Technique to Non-Convex Short-Term Hydrothermal Scheduling Problem,” Energies, vol. 10, no. 9, 1440, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/en10091440. DOI: 10.3390/en10091440 J. S. Ortiz, C. I. Quinatoa, and J. H. Acurio, “A New Model Optimization Convex Using Wirtinger Calculus for Economic Dispatch,” in 2024 8th International Conference on Power and Energy Systems Applications (ICoPESA), pp. 557–566, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOPESA61191.2024. 10743906. DOI: 10.1109/ICOPESA61191.2024.10743906 L. Gan, N. Li, U. Topcu, and S. H. Low, “Exact Convex Relaxation of Optimal Power Flow in Radial Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 72- 87, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2014.2332712. DOI: 10.1109/TAC.2014.2332712 J. Qi, K. Sun, and W. Kang, “Optimal PMU Placement for Power System Dynamic State Estimation Using Empirical Observability Gramian,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 2041–2054, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2014.235679 7. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2356797 S. Pinzon, D. Carrion, and E. Inga, “Optimal Transmission Switching Considering N-1 Contingencies on Power Transmission Lines,” IEEE Latin America Transactions, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 534–541, 2021, doi: 10.1109/TLA.2021.9448535. DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2021.9448535 S. Zhang, C. C. Liu, X. Gu, and T. Wang, “Optimal transmission line switching incorporating dynamic line ratings,” in 2017 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGTEurope), pp. 1–5, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2017.8260139. DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2017.8260139 P. Masache, D. Carrión, and J. Cárdenas, “Optimal transmission line switching to improve the reliability of the power system considering AC power flows,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 11, p. 3281, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113281. DOI: 10.3390/en14113281 M. Jabarnejad, “Approximate optimal transmission switching,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 161, pp. 1–7, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2018.03.021. DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2018.03.021 A. Soroudi, Power System Optimization Modeling in GAMS. Springer, 2017. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-62350-4. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62350-4 E. Gil, J. Bustos, and R. Rudnick, “ShortTerm Hydrothermal Generation Scheduling Model Using a Genetic Algorithm,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 1256–1264, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2003.819877. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2003.819877 B. Mohammadi-Ivatloo and M. Nazari-Heris, Eds., Robust Optimal Planning and Operation of Electrical Energy Systems. Springer, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04296-7. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-04296-7 F. Lombardi, P. S. and S. More, “Sharing economy as a new business model for energy storage systems,” Applied Energy, vol. 188, pp. 485–496, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.01 6. DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.016 A. Robalino-López, A. Pilatasig, J. E. Játiva, and C. Falconí, “Reliability Assessment of the Ecuadorian Power System: Metrics, Vulnerabilities, and Strategic Perspectives,” Energies, vol. 18, no. 15, 5925, 2025, https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123059. DOI: 10.3390/en18123059 G. D. Price, Power Systems and Renewable Energy: Design, Operation, and Systems Analysis. Momentum Press, 2017. ISBN: 978- 1606505700. B. Wang, L. Xie, S. Maslennikov, X. Luo, Q. Zhang, and M. Hong, “A Modal-Space Method for Online Power System SteadyState Stability Monitoring,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.11033, 2020. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.11033. J. Oscullo Lala, G. Paredes, J. Játiva, and C. Falconí, “Characterization of Power System Oscillation Modes Using Synchrophasor Data and a Modified Variational Mode Decomposition Algorithm,” Energies, vol. 18, no. 11, 2693, 2025, https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112693. DOI: 10.3390/en18112693