Abstract: With the rapid advancement of autonomous driving technology, the mechanical structure of vehicles has emerged as a critical factor influencing driving stability. This study systematically analyzes the impact of mechanical structure improvements—focusing on chassis, suspension, and body systems—on the dynamic stability of autonomous vehicles. Through theoretical models, comparison of constructive criteria, and trials of numerous research studies, the main limitations of traditional tasks have been identified as sub-optimal weight distribution and insufficient real-time adaptation. Improvement plans include lightweight underlayer construction (weight reduction of 25.6%), adaptive suspension technology (vertical speed reduction of 39.5%), and increased torque (increase of 25.4%). Experimental data show that these changes reduce lateral turning residues by 44.4% and reduce turning speed deviations by 46.7% on wet roads, greatly improving steering accuracy and resistance to disturbances. The results highlight the interaction between mechanical construction optimization and autonomous control systems and provide a technical framework for increasing the reliability of next-generation autonomous vehicles.

Keywords: Autonomous driving, Mechanical structure improvement, Driving stability, Chassis lightweight, Adaptive suspension, Chassis structure optimization, Body torsional stiffness

Pages: 175-183