Abstract: An approach, based on conic splines, is proposed here for capturing image outlines of generic shapes. It has various phases including extracting outlines of images, mining feature points from the detected outlines, and curve fitting. The idea of particle swarm optimization has been incorporated to optimize the shape parameters in the description of the conic spline. The method ultimately produces optimal results for the approximate vectorization of the digital contours obtained from the generic shapes. Demonstrations also make the essential part of the paper.
DOI: *As the DOI is a unique identifier, it is already available in the pdf version. **The DOI link will be activated in the first midst of January 2026.