Abstract: Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a blood disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed faster, leading to anemia. Our study focused on immune-mediated HDFN. The study included 86 newborns with HDFN. Samples were provided to two clinics in Georgia. Coombs tests were performed to confirm the presence of HDFN. Monoclonal antibodies were used to determine ABO and Rh blood group antigens. The genetic analysis was performed using the SNP rs8176719. ABO-HDFN was the majority, followed by Rh-HDFN (χ2 = 6.44, p = 0.04). the majority newborns with ABO-HDFN have A(II), Rh+ blood group (χ2 =141.16, p<0.001). A(II), Rh+ blood group, found in 50.00±11.1% of cases of Rh-HDFN, followed by O(I), Rh+ blood (χ2 = 52.80, p<0.001). 7 samples carry a complete deletion (-;-). It is a homozygous OO genotype. 27 newborns with HDFN show the heterozygosity (-;G) condition (AO and BO genotypes) (χ² = 34.6, p > 0.001). The majority of cases of ABO-HDFN involve an O blood group mother/A blood group newborn. In Rh-HDFN cases, most of it was Mother O(I), Rh- /newborn O(I), Rh+. The complete deletion of c.261delG in HDFN is relatively rare. The presence of the (-; G) genotype in HDFN with non-O groups reduces antigen expression, since these genotypes are AO or BO, thereby reducing the frequency of ABO-HDFN. In ABO-HDFN, the highest percentage is the O/A phenotype, which is the maternal/newborn phenotype. In the case of Rh incompatibility, it is Rh+ vs. Rh-.

Keywords: newborns, Hemolytic anemia, blood, ABO and Rh incompatibility, rs8176719, genetics

Pages: 300-312